Occurs due to the degenerative changes in the vertebrae, spondylosis and spondylarthrosis. The damage usually occurs when lifting with a bent spine, during rotational movements of the spine, and in the long run – due to a poor posture, muscle weakness and imbalance.
At the core of discus – the nucleus pulposus, biomechanical changes occur as well as on the collagen membrane – the ring – the annulus fibrosus. It results in splits on the membrane in which the injected or poured nucleus puts pressure on the surrounding tissue. That is called prolaps nucleus – disc herniation.
It is accompanied by pain, muscle spasm, radicular (root nerve) pain that spread down your leg/arm. Later resulting in the narrowing of the vertical space and slipping vertebrae.
Includes vertebrae L4 – L5, L5 – S1 or neck area C5 – C6, C6 – C7.